Riccardo Tizzoni, Paul Otien and Nathaniel Guarnaccia
The current study indicates lower Candida levels, possibly influenced by factors like geography, lifestyle, diet, or analytical methods. Saccharomyces may play a role in both maintaining a healthy mycobiome and contributing to certain diseases. This suggests a potential strain-specific effect or the broader mycobiome composition's impact on disease development. Further research into the relationship between Saccharomyces, Candida, and other microbiome components in multiple sclerosis is necessary. Investigating fungi's role in disease progression or prevention is crucial. This study provides initial evidence of fungal microbiome disturbance in multiple sclerosis patients, paving the way for future research using advanced sequencing methods and larger sample sizes. Integrating these approaches with mechanistic studies will be essential for understanding fungi's precise role in multiple sclerosis pathobiology.